Tag Archives: OpportunityZones

Opportunity Zone Project Stabilizes

What Happens After an Opportunity Zone Project Stabilizes?

by: Adam Horowitz

Stabilization Is Not the Finish Line

Many Opportunity Zone developers treat stabilization as the main goal.

Construction is complete. Leasing is established. The asset begins producing income. From the outside, the project may look like it has reached the finish line.

But for many sponsors, stabilization creates the next major decision point.

The sponsor now has to determine how the asset should be capitalized, who should remain in the ownership structure, whether permanent financing is available, and whether investors need liquidity.

For Opportunity Zone projects, stabilization is not the end of the strategy. It is the moment when the next capital decision begins.

A Stabilized Asset Does Not Automatically Have a Solved Capital Stack

Stabilization reduces development risk, but it does not automatically solve the capital structure.

A project may still have construction debt, bridge debt, or other short-term financing that needs to be replaced. The asset may need permanent financing, capital improvements, debt paydown, reserves, or a recapitalization. Investors may also have different goals after the project is complete.

Some investors may want to remain in the asset for the long-term Opportunity Zone strategy. Others may want liquidity. The developer may want to exit, stay involved, or reduce exposure while preserving some upside.

That means stabilization does not only mark the end of construction. It can also expose the next capital structure question.

Why Post-Stabilization Planning Matters More for OZ Projects

Opportunity Zone projects are different from ordinary multifamily developments because the ownership structure may be tied to tax timing, investor requirements, and long-term hold goals.

A sponsor may need to consider whether OZ investors remain in the asset, whether non-OZ investors need to be bought out, whether the developer stays in the deal, and whether the capital stack supports the intended hold strategy.

A simple refinance or sale may not always solve the problem.

The right answer depends on the asset, the investors, the debt position, and the long-term strategy. For OZ sponsors, the post-stabilization decision is not only about the real estate. It is also about the structure around the real estate.

Permanent Financing May Be the First Step

After stabilization, many sponsors look to permanent financing as the next step.

Permanent financing may help replace construction debt, lower risk, extend the hold period, and create a more stable capital structure. It can be an important part of moving the asset from development to long-term ownership.

But permanent financing may not solve every need.

The new loan may not be large enough to fully pay off existing debt. The asset may need more operating history. The lender may size proceeds conservatively. The sponsor may still need capital for improvements, reserves, investor liquidity, or debt paydown.

In those situations, refinancing may be part of the answer, but not the whole answer.

Stabilization Can Create an Investor Liquidity Moment

Once an Opportunity Zone project stabilizes, the ownership group may need to be reorganized.

Some investors may want to continue holding the asset. Others may want to exit. Non-OZ investors may have different timing needs than OZ investors. The developer may want to remain involved, but not necessarily in the same position as during construction.

This can create several possible paths.

The sponsor may pursue a full sale, partial sale, preferred equity, structured equity, recapitalization, investor buyout, developer buyout, or long-term hold with permanent financing.

The important point is that stabilization gives the sponsor a clearer basis for making those decisions. The asset has operating performance. The value is easier to underwrite. The capital needs are more visible.

Where Forward Purchase Structures Can Fit

A forward purchase structure can help define what happens after the asset stabilizes before the project reaches that point.

Instead of waiting until completion to find a buyer or capital partner, the sponsor can create a future transaction framework earlier in the process.

At stabilization, the asset can be valued based on stabilized fair market value. The forward structure can then allow for different outcomes, such as a full purchase by a long-term capital partner, a partial purchase where the developer remains involved, a buyout of non-OZ investors, or a transition into a longer-term stabilized ownership structure.

The value of a forward purchase is not only the future acquisition. It is the certainty it can create before stabilization.

For developers, that certainty can support planning, investor conversations, and the transition from construction to long-term ownership.

The Right Solution Depends on the Asset

Forward purchase structures are one possible solution, but they are not the only one.

Depending on the project, the sponsor may consider permanent refinancing, preferred equity, structured equity, mezzanine capital, debt paydown capital, recapitalization, partial sale, full sale, developer buyout, or investor buyout.

The right capital solution should match the asset’s operating profile, the investor base, the debt position, and the long-term Opportunity Zone strategy.

For some projects, the best path may be a refinance. For others, it may be a forward purchase structure. For others, it may be preferred equity or a broader recapitalization.

The key is to build the plan before the sponsor is forced into a narrow set of options.

How Lever Can Help

Lever Capital Partners helps Opportunity Zone sponsors evaluate what happens after stabilization.

That includes reviewing permanent financing options, debt paydown needs, preferred equity, recapitalization strategies, forward purchase structures, and investor liquidity considerations.

Lever can help sponsors compare available paths, prepare the capital story, and connect with capital providers that understand Opportunity Zone multifamily, stabilized assets, and the transition from development to long-term ownership.

For sponsors, the goal is not just to reach stabilization. The goal is to make sure the capital structure is ready for what comes next.

The Bottom Line

An Opportunity Zone project may be built, leased, and operating, but that does not mean the capital strategy is complete.

After stabilization, sponsors still need to decide how the asset will be financed, who will remain in the deal, whether investors need liquidity, and whether the ownership structure supports the long-term OZ strategy.

For OZ sponsors, stabilization is not just the end of development. It is the beginning of the next capital decision.

The Missing Capital Layer Between OZ Construction and Stabilization

by: Adam Horowitz

The Hardest Gap May Come Before Stabilization

Many Opportunity Zone developers focus on raising enough capital to begin construction. That is an important milestone, but it does not always solve the full capital need.

The more difficult challenge may come between construction and stabilization.

A project may have a strong location, a qualified Opportunity Zone structure, senior construction financing, and a clear multifamily development plan. But the developer may still need additional capital before the asset reaches certificate of occupancy, lease-up, permanent financing, or full stabilization.

This is the missing capital layer in many OZ development projects.

That layer does not have to be one single type of capital. Depending on the project, it may include additional equity, structured equity, mezzanine capital, bridge capital, preferred equity, forward sale capital, or another flexible source. The point is not that one structure solves every deal. The point is that senior construction debt and long-term permanent financing often leave a gap in the middle.

For certain projects, pref equity Opportunity Zone capital can be one useful part of that solution.

Construction Financing Does Not Always Solve the Whole Plan

There is a common assumption that once construction financing is in place, the capital stack is complete.

That is not always true.

Senior construction debt may fund a major part of the project, but it may not address every need before stabilization. A developer may still face timing gaps, remaining equity needs, pre-TCO funding requirements, cost overrun pressure, lease-up support, or investor planning issues.

The project may be too advanced to be treated like an early-stage concept, but not yet stabilized enough for traditional permanent capital.

That middle period can be difficult to finance.

The asset is no longer just an idea. Entitlements may be complete. Construction may be underway. The site may have real value. But until the asset has operating income, permanent financing, and stabilized valuation support, many long-term capital sources may still wait on the sidelines.

Why This Matters for Opportunity Zone Developers

Opportunity Zone projects have more complexity than a typical development deal.

The capital structure may need to account for Qualified Opportunity Fund requirements, investor timing, tax-sensitive ownership decisions, and the long-term hold plan after stabilization.

Developers also need to think about who stays in the deal after completion, who exits, how non-OZ investors are treated, whether OZ investors remain in the structure, and whether the developer continues as an owner or partner.

That means stabilization is not only a real estate milestone. It is also a capital structure milestone.

For Opportunity Zone developers, the question is not only how to finish construction. The question is how to move from construction risk to stabilized ownership without losing flexibility.

Where Preferred Equity Can Fit

Preferred equity should not be treated as the only possible missing capital layer. It is one structure that may fit certain projects depending on the senior debt, equity already raised, timeline, cost of capital, and long-term ownership plan.

In an Opportunity Zone development, preferred equity may help fill part of the gap between senior construction debt and stabilized ownership capital. It can sit behind senior debt while supporting the project’s path toward completion, lease-up, permanent financing, or a future ownership transition.

Pref equity Opportunity Zone capital may help a qualified developer start construction sooner, reduce pressure on the remaining equity raise, support pre-TCO capital needs, or create more certainty around the stabilization event.

It may also work alongside other structures, including a forward sale, investor buyout, developer exit, or continued developer partnership.

The value is not that preferred equity solves every issue. The value is that it can be placed at a point in the timeline where the project has real momentum, but still needs flexible capital before it reaches stabilized ownership.

This Is Not Just Rescue Capital

The missing capital layer is not always about distress.

In many cases, the developer may have a strong project, a credible plan, and a qualified Opportunity Zone location. The issue may be timing. Capital may be needed before all equity is raised, before permanent financing is available, or before the asset has reached the income profile needed for long-term capital.

The goal is not to rescue a weak deal. The goal is to help a strong project move through one of the most difficult parts of the development timeline.

That is why the structure matters.

The right capital partner can give the developer more certainty before stabilization, while still allowing the final ownership structure to be determined when the asset is complete, leased, and valued.

What Capital Providers Will Want to See

Flexible capital is not available for every project.

Capital providers will still underwrite the fundamentals. They will want to understand the location, unit count, development budget, construction timeline, senior financing, equity raised to date, lease-up assumptions, permanent financing strategy, sponsor track record, and Opportunity Zone compliance plan.

They will also want to know what happens at stabilization.

Is there a forward sale? Does the developer stay in? Do certain investors exit? Is the final value based on stabilized fair market value? Is there a clear path to agency financing?

The stronger the project and the clearer the structure, the easier it is for capital providers to evaluate the opportunity.

How Lever Can Help

Lever Capital Partners helps OZ developers evaluate the capital layer between construction and stabilization.

That includes reviewing the construction timeline, senior debt, equity gap, pre-TCO needs, stabilization plan, permanent financing path, and potential forward sale structure.

Lever can help developers compare available capital options, including preferred equity when it fits the project, and connect with capital sources that understand Opportunity Zone development and the transition from construction to stabilized ownership.

For developers, the goal is not just to find more capital. The goal is to place the right capital layer at the right point in the project timeline.

The Bottom Line

Opportunity Zone developers may have a strong project and a clear long-term plan, but still face a difficult capital gap between construction and stabilization.

Senior debt may fund the build. Permanent financing may support the stabilized asset. But the bridge between those two points can still require a flexible capital solution.

That solution is not always preferred equity. It can take different forms depending on the project. But for some OZ developments, pref equity Opportunity Zone capital may be one useful way to help move the project from construction risk to stabilized ownership.

Why Opportunity Zone Multifamily Owners Are Using Preferred Equity to Pay Down Debt

by: Adam Horowitz

Debt Paydown Has Become a Capital Strategy

For many Opportunity Zone multifamily owners, the issue is not whether the asset has value.

The issue is whether the current debt load still works.

A property may be stabilized, occupied, and generating income, but the existing loan may be too large, too expensive, or too difficult to refinance under today’s lending standards. In that situation, the sponsor may not need more debt. The sponsor may need capital that helps reduce debt pressure.

That is why preferred equity Opportunity Zone capital is becoming relevant for some existing multifamily assets.

In this context, preferred equity is not being used to push leverage higher. It is being used to pay down debt, improve the capital structure, and give the asset more room to move into its next phase.

Preferred Equity Is Not Always About Adding Leverage

Preferred equity is often thought of as a way to fill a gap or increase total capitalization. But for existing Opportunity Zone multifamily assets, the use case can be different.

Some sponsors are using preferred equity to reduce the senior loan balance.

That may sound counterintuitive, but it can make sense when the existing debt is creating pressure. A refinance may not provide enough proceeds. A lender may require a lower loan balance. The asset may need a cleaner capital stack before it can secure more stable long-term financing.

In that case, Opportunity Zone preferred equity can become debt paydown capital.

The goal is not to add unnecessary risk. The goal is to create a more durable structure.

The Loan May No Longer Fit the Asset

Many Opportunity Zone multifamily assets were financed under market conditions that have changed.

A loan that made sense during construction, lease-up, or early stabilization may not be the right loan for long-term ownership. Interest rates may be higher. Debt service coverage requirements may be harder to meet. Permanent lenders may be sizing proceeds more conservatively. Refinance proceeds may not fully cover the existing payoff.

The asset may be ready for its next phase, but the debt may still reflect the prior phase.

That mismatch can create real pressure for sponsors. The property may be performing, but the capital stack may be too tight. There may not be enough room for reserves, improvements, or a longer hold strategy.

Debt paydown can help reset that structure.

Why This Matters for Opportunity Zone Owners

Opportunity Zone multifamily ownership is often tied to a longer-term plan.

Sponsors and investors may be focused on preserving the Opportunity Zone structure, maintaining the hold period, and avoiding a poorly timed sale. If the asset is performing, selling early may not be the best outcome. But if the debt is too heavy, holding may also be difficult.

That is why debt paydown can be important.

By reducing leverage, sponsors may be able to create more flexibility, improve refinanceability, and support the long-term ownership plan. The capital decision is not only about today’s loan. It is about whether the asset can remain positioned for the full strategy.

For Opportunity Zone multifamily owners, debt paydown is not just a balance sheet move. It can be part of protecting the long-term investment plan.

Debt Paydown Does Not Always Mean Distress

A sponsor seeking debt paydown capital is not always dealing with a failing asset.

In many cases, the asset may be strong. The issue may be that the market changed between the original financing and today’s refinancing environment.

Debt paydown can be defensive, but it can also be strategic.

It can help reduce maturity risk, improve lender confidence, preserve investor value, and avoid a forced sale. It can also give the sponsor more time to complete improvements, optimize operations, and move toward a more stable permanent financing structure.

For the right asset, preferred equity for Opportunity Zone multifamily can be a way to reduce pressure without forcing a sale or relying only on additional senior debt.

How Lever Can Help

Lever Capital Partners helps Opportunity Zone multifamily owners evaluate whether preferred equity can be used to pay down existing debt and support the next phase of ownership.

That includes reviewing the current loan, estimating refinance capacity, identifying the paydown amount, evaluating preferred equity options, and positioning the asset for capital providers that understand stabilized multifamily and Opportunity Zone structures.

For sponsors, the goal is not just to raise capital. The goal is to use capital in a way that improves the strength and flexibility of the overall structure.

Lever can help sponsors prepare the capital story, compare financing options, and connect with aligned preferred equity Opportunity Zone capital sources.

The Bottom Line

For Opportunity Zone multifamily owners, preferred equity may be useful when the asset is strong but the debt is creating pressure.

By using preferred equity to pay down existing debt, sponsors may be able to reduce leverage, improve refinanceability, avoid a forced sale, and support a longer-term ownership plan.

In today’s market, the right preferred equity capital may not be about adding more risk. It may be about giving an existing Opportunity Zone multifamily asset the room it needs to move forward.

When Existing OZ Multifamily Assets Need More Than a Refinance

by: Adam Horowitz

A Refinance Is Not Always Enough

For many Opportunity Zone multifamily owners, stabilization creates a natural next step: refinance the asset, pay off the existing debt, and move into a longer-term ownership plan.

But in today’s market, that next step is not always simple.

An asset may be occupied, income-producing, and performing well, but the refinance may still fall short. The new loan may not generate enough proceeds to fully pay off existing debt. It may not leave room for capital improvements. It may not create the flexibility needed to support a long-term hold.

That is the issue facing some existing OZ multifamily assets today.

The question is not always whether the property can refinance. The better question is whether the refinance is enough.

Stabilized Does Not Mean Refinance-Ready

Stabilization reduces risk, but it does not guarantee a clean refinance.

A lender may still size the loan conservatively based on current income, debt service coverage, appraised value, market conditions, and interest rate assumptions. Even if the property is performing, the lender may not offer enough proceeds to solve the full capital need.

This can be frustrating for sponsors because the asset may have done what it was supposed to do. Construction is complete. Lease-up is in place. The property has operating history. But the capital markets may have changed since the original financing was put in place.

Higher rates, tighter underwriting, and lower leverage can make the new loan smaller than expected.

In that situation, the asset may be stable, but the capital stack may still be under pressure.

The Debt Market May Not Match the Sponsor’s Need

A refinance usually has to solve several problems at once.

The sponsor may need to retire existing debt, reduce financing costs, extend the hold period, fund remaining improvements, build reserves, and preserve the Opportunity Zone ownership strategy.

But the lender is usually focused on a narrower question: how much senior debt can the asset support today?

That difference matters.

The sponsor may need a broader capital solution than senior debt alone can provide. If the refinance proceeds are not enough, the remaining gap still has to be addressed. The sponsor may need to bring in additional capital, negotiate with the existing lender, restructure the capital stack, or consider a more flexible financing solution.

A refinance problem can quickly become a capital stack problem.

Why OZ Ownership Makes the Decision More Complex

Opportunity Zone multifamily assets are different from ordinary refinance situations because timing and ownership structure matter.

A sponsor may not want to sell too early. Investors may be focused on preserving long-term OZ benefits. The ownership group may want to hold the asset through the required period, but the existing capital stack may not fully support that plan.

That can make the lowest-cost capital solution less important than the best-fit capital solution.

For an OZ asset, the goal is not only to replace one loan with another. The goal is to create a structure that supports the asset, the investors, and the long-term strategy.

If a refinance does not provide enough proceeds, the sponsor needs to evaluate what capital can solve the shortfall without disrupting the broader plan.

When Preferred Equity Becomes Relevant

Preferred equity can become relevant when senior debt does not stretch far enough.

It may help pay down existing debt, reduce leverage pressure, fund capital improvements, support operational needs, or create more flexibility for the sponsor. It can also provide an alternative to selling the asset or raising more dilutive common equity.

This does not mean preferred equity is the right answer for every deal.

The asset still needs to support the cost of the capital. The sponsor still needs a clear use of proceeds. The ownership group still needs a realistic plan for the next phase of the investment.

But when the refinance alone cannot solve the problem, preferred equity can help fill the space between what the lender will provide and what the asset actually needs.

How Lever Can Help

Lever Capital Partners helps sponsors evaluate whether an existing OZ multifamily asset needs more than a refinance.

That includes reviewing the current debt, estimating refinance capacity, identifying the shortfall, evaluating preferred equity or recapitalization options, and positioning the opportunity for capital providers that understand stabilized multifamily and Opportunity Zone structures.

For sponsors, the goal is not just to replace one loan with another. The goal is to build a capital structure that supports the asset’s next phase.

Lever can help sponsors compare options, prepare the capital story, and connect with capital sources aligned with the asset, timeline, and ownership strategy.

The Bottom Line

Existing OZ multifamily assets may still be strong investments, but today’s lending market can limit what a refinance can accomplish.

If senior debt proceeds do not fully address the payoff, improvements, reserves, or long-term ownership plan, sponsors may need a broader capital solution.

For OZ multifamily owners, the question is not only whether the asset can refinance. It is whether the refinance gives the asset enough room to move forward.

Opportunity Zone Capital Is Becoming More Selective

by: Adam Horowitz

The Old Assumption Is Breaking

For several years, many Opportunity Zone projects benefited from a simple assumption: if the deal qualified, capital would pay attention. The tax benefits created a strong reason for investors to look at projects in designated communities, and that helped bring new interest to markets that may have otherwise been overlooked.

That assumption is weakening.

Opportunity Zone capital is still active, but it is becoming more selective. Investors are no longer underwriting the tax incentive alone. They are underwriting the actual real estate, the sponsor, the market, the basis, the capital stack, and the execution plan.

Being in an Opportunity Zone Is Not a Capital Strategy

In the earlier stages of the market, some projects leaned heavily on the tax story. The pitch was often built around location, eligibility, and the potential investor benefit.

Today, that is not enough.

Capital providers are asking harder questions. Is the basis defensible? Is the submarket actually investable? Does the sponsor have the experience to execute? Is there enough demand for the finished product? Can the project survive higher costs, slower leasing, or a delayed exit?

The tax incentive can improve the investment story, but it cannot fix weak real estate.

Why Investor Behavior Has Changed

This shift is happening because the broader capital market has changed. Debt is more expensive than it was during the low-rate cycle. Construction costs remain difficult to control. Exit assumptions are less forgiving. Investors are more focused on downside protection, liquidity, and whether a project can perform under more conservative assumptions.

That means Opportunity Zone investors are behaving more like disciplined real estate investors, not just tax-motivated capital. They still care about the tax treatment, but they also want to understand the full risk profile of the deal.

What Investors Are Underwriting Now

Sponsor quality matters more. Investors want to know whether the sponsor has relevant experience, local market knowledge, lender relationships, and the ability to manage execution risk.

Market fundamentals matter more. Population growth, employment drivers, tenant demand, absorption, rent support, and competing supply all carry more weight.

Basis matters more. A project may qualify for Opportunity Zone treatment, but if the basis is too high, the return profile may not work.

Capital structure matters more. Investors want to know whether the debt is realistic, whether the sponsor has enough equity, whether preferred equity is needed, and whether the capital stack can survive delays or cost increases.

Exit strategy matters more. A project needs a credible path to stabilization, refinancing, or sale. If the exit depends on aggressive cap rates or a perfect market recovery, investors will push back.

The OZ Label Does Not Remove Execution Risk

This is why some Opportunity Zone deals are harder to capitalize today. The OZ label does not remove execution risk.

Ground-up projects with unclear demand, thin sponsor equity, weak submarkets, or unrealistic refinance assumptions are facing more scrutiny. Investors are less interested in the zip code alone. They want to know whether the project can perform.

What This Means for Sponsors

For sponsors, this creates a more demanding fundraising environment. The opportunity is still there, but the story has to be sharper.

Sponsors need to explain why the project deserves capital now, why the market supports the business plan, how the risks are being managed, and why the Opportunity Zone benefit enhances the investment instead of carrying it.

At Lever Capital Partners, we see Opportunity Zone capital becoming more selective, with investors placing greater weight on sponsor quality, basis, structure, and execution risk.

How Lever Can Help

Lever helps sponsors position Opportunity Zone projects for today’s capital market. That means looking beyond tax eligibility and focusing on what investors are actually underwriting.

For sponsors raising capital for Opportunity Zone real estate, Lever can help identify aligned capital sources, structure the financing strategy, and present the opportunity in a way that speaks to current investor behavior.

The challenge is not just finding investors who understand the tax incentive. It is finding capital that believes in the project itself.

The Bottom Line

Opportunity Zones are not dead. The market is simply more disciplined.

Before, the tax benefit often came first and the real estate came second. Now, the real estate comes first, and the tax benefit supports the story.

The tax incentive still opens the door. But the deal still has to earn the capital.

Opportunity Zones

By Amnon Cohen, Managing Director, Lever Capital Partners

Opportunity zones are areas designated by local governments that offer tax breaks under a new federal program. Investment firms have started to set up funds to distribute money specifically into these opportunity zones. There is a catch, every property within a qualified opportunity zone will not receive the same benefits.

There are multiple factors for investors to consider when it comes to investing money into opportunity zone properties. A few of these factors are, “the likelihood of getting a solid return on investment, the ability to quickly navigate the project approval process and the other programs that can be utilized alongside the opportunity zone benefit” (Banister).

“The industry was awaiting specific regulations from the Treasury Department, but experts believe it will allow investors to see significant increases in returns while also benefiting communities that otherwise might not attract as much investment. Develop founder Steve Glickman, who helped write the Opportunity Zone program while at the Economic Innovation Group, said the vision was to foster investment in low-income communities. But it was also important for local governments to select areas that could support private investment and create returns, and he said they did a good job of that. The census tracts selected cover 10% of the U.S. population, roughly 35 million people, and have an average poverty rate of about 30%” (Banister).

Here are the specifics:

-Gains can be reinvested into opportunity zones. If the project is held for longer than 5 years, 10% of the gains tax will be reduced
-If the project is held for 7 years 15% of the previous gains tax will be reduced
-If the project is held 10 years the any gains tax on the existing phttps://levercp.com/wp-admin/edit.php?post_type=news_2roject will be eliminated
-Among the answers provided, the Treasury Department said that a business can qualify as being in an Opportunity Zone as long as 70% of its property is in the designated area.
-Another important data point: Investors have 180 days from the sale of their stock or business to put the proceeds in an opportunity fund.
-Businesses also get 30 months to hold working capital for an investment in the Opportunity Zone, just so long as there is specific plan for a project.

Interactive Map of Opportunity Zones

References:
https://www.bisnow.com/washington-dc/news/economic-development/which-properties-investors-expect-to-benefit-most-from-opportunity-zone-investments-93980